The warm (for Anchorage high sixties and low seventies) sunny days began just before Labor Day and today continued the trend. But it's getting darker faster each evening, it's colder in the mornings, and when the sun slides out of sight, the temps drop quicker each day. Down into the low forties at night. Still eating on the deck, savoring this great weather.
But the birch out front is now all yellow.
(The tree branch in front is a mountain ash. Those leaves are green and the berries are as fat and red and plentiful as I can ever remember.}
But the birch is having trouble holding all its leaves.
While North Carolina and Southern China are experiencing the worst of what climate change means for humans, Anchorage, for now, are getting one of the more comfortable side effects. (But Alaskan villages are being captured by the sea, as winter sea ice that protected the land from the ravages of winter waves thins and even disappears. And as permafrost melts, roads and buildings built on top of it lose their footing. And the oceans warm and acidify changing the life cycles of salmon and other marine creatures.)
We've been hearing about a letter alleging Brett Kavanaugh sexually assaulted a girl in high school. Should that have any bearing on Kavanaugh's confirmation to the US Supreme Court?
None of us are the same people we were in high school. Or so we would like to think. Sure we change in many ways, but many of our behaviors then, good ones and not so good ones, still are part of us.
But is the story true even? The Washington Post has an article today about the woman who wrote the letter detailing why she didn't talk about it sooner (well she did with her therapist and her husband) and why she did now. Why she wanted it to be anonymous and why she's coming out publicly now.
After reading the article, I'm going to assume that it's quite likely this did indeed happen. Kavanaugh categorically denies it, but the article brings out aspects of Kavanaugh's past that didn't surface in the Senate Judiciary Committee hearings. These facts lend credence to the accusations.
"In his senior-class yearbook entry at Georgetown Prep, Kavanaugh made several references to drinking, claiming membership to the “Beach Week Ralph Club” and “Keg City Club.” He and Judge are pictured together at the beach in a photo in the yearbook.
Judge is a filmmaker and author who has written for the Daily Caller, The Weekly Standard and The Washington Post. He chronicled his recovery from alcoholism in “Wasted: Tales of a Gen-X Drunk,” which described his own blackout drinking and a culture of partying among students at his high school, renamed in the book “Loyola Prep.” Kavanaugh is not mentioned in the book, but a passage about partying at the beach one summer makes glancing reference to a “Bart O’Kavanaugh,” who “puked in someone’s car the other night” and “passed out on his way back from a party.”
Through the White House, Kavanaugh did not respond to a question about whether the name was a pseudonym for him."
Kavanaugh was an athlete, his mother was a judge. I suspect if there were any serious issues in his life, his parents were positioned to make sure he didn't get into serious trouble for them.
The accuser is a college professor in Palo Alto, California who teaches at a college that is in a consortium with Stanford. So she teaches Stanford graduate students psychology. On the surface, there is nothing in her life - aside from a 33 year old sexual assault - that might account for her wanting to put her life onto a Republican target with a letter that probably wouldn't stop Kavanaugh's nomination anyway.
And the overwhelming number of sexual assault accusations turn out to be true. There's no evidence so far that she was paid or otherwise pressured to make these accusations. I'm sure that will come - the accusations, probably not the evidence.
So should a 33 year old drunken romp on a bed with a girl who didn't want to be there, matter in the nomination of Kavanaugh?
Again, these points I'm making, assume this happened. (I'll make some points later that assume it didn't happen.)
1. Kavanaugh never was confronted with this accusation and has never been held accountable. And this stuff happened often back then (and still today). Girls and women simply had to deal with things like this on their own. This would be one example of a situation where he suffered no consequences for his inappropriate behavior. Getting drunk during high school when his drinking was illegal, is another. Sure, lots of people get drunk in high school, but for this future judge, it's another example of breaking the law with no consequences. He even bragged about it in his yearbook.
2. Kavanaugh categorically denied this ever happened. That's textbook response for powerful men being accused of rape or sexual assault. Though some, like Sen. Franken, take responsibility for what they did and resign their positions. If this did happen, Kavanaugh is lying.
3. If a 33 year old high school indiscretion doesn't matter, then why not acknowledge it, apologize, and say that was long ago and I've learned and I'm no longer that person? Trump didn't even have to apologize or say he was no longer that person. But Supreme Court judges are expected to be truthful.
4. In many of the #metoo cases we've seen in the last year or so, after a high profile accusation, other women come forward. By rushing the vote to approve Kavanaugh, the Senate might be able to get him onto the court before anyone else comes forward. Though this sounds like a particularly inept assault and perhaps it was a one-off. Even if it wasn't, it may not have happened often or past high school or college. But we should give others a chance to come forward.
5. The accuser's hired an attorney who specializes in women accusers. The attorney told her to take a lie detector test before she did anything else. She passed the test. I'd like Kavanaugh to take such a test if he's so certain it never happened.
6. Republicans had a list ready of 65 women* who knew Kavanaugh in high school who all attest to his upstanding character. (Does that include his self admitted drunken parties?) If there are questions about the accuser's credibility, I'd like to see some reporters check with these women on how their names got on the list and whether they knew their names were going to be used to counter a sexual assault charge.
Kavanaugh, and his Senate supporters, at his confirmation hearings, repeatedly talked about how Kavanaugh hired more female interns and people of color than the average judge. While this is admirable, there's also something about men who surround themselves with women subordinates. (It's interesting that google did poorly when I asked "male executives with mostly women subordinates." It gave me articles about whether men or women are better bosses for women. So I'm going to go with undocumented hunches here.) My sense is that women, generally, are less confrontative than men. Women are socialized to make nice. (See Deborah Tannen's classic work on how men and women talk and act at work.) I'd guess that, on average, life is easier, more pleasant, with women subordinates who are more grateful for getting an opportunity and less likely to challenge their boss. He talked about all his mentoring - as girls basketball coach, all the women interns, the black students at Harvard. All these are laudable things, but he actually used the young basketball players as props as they sat behind him one day during his hearings. One can't help but wonder how much of this is stuff he's done to make his Supreme Court application look better. Like high school kids volunteering at soup kitchens so they can put it down on their college applications.
7. If Kavanaugh gets confirmed to the Supreme Court, we'll have two judges on the court who got there despite credible accusations of sexual harassment/assault by women college professors.
What if the accusation is false?
1. The committee could wait to be sure that accuser is lying. They could wait to see if any other women come forward. They could ask Kavanaugh to take a lie detector test. (While they're at it, they could ask him some of the questions he seemed a bit cagey about during the public hearings.)
2. Even if Democrats took the Senate in November, the Senate would still have a almost 2 months to confirm Kavanaugh before the new Senators are sworn in. But given Thanksgiving, Christmas, and New Years, it would be tight.
3. Senator Harris quoted Kavanaugh on 'rushed decisions.'
"As Judge Kavanaugh relayed to me in our meeting, with respect to judicial decisions, rushed decisions are often bad decisions. I agree. But this time, this is for a lifetime appointment to the Supreme Court."
3. If would end up hurting the credibility of Democrats.
I suspect the Republicans and Kavanaugh, want him on the court so bad, and they feel like they are so, so close, that they want to rush this through before anything comes up that might quash their hopes. They've already rushed the hearings through without hundreds of thousands of pages of documents that Democrats requested. They're going to accept Kavanaugh's denial and not give time for others to come forth. They want this done before the November election, even though the numbers suggest that they have a decent chance of keeping the Senate majority.
*I randomly picked a name from the list of 65 women who signed the letter supporting Brett Kavanaugh - Cindy Urgo - and google got me to her Youtube channel. It has four videos up. All with religious songs. This is the most recent (2013):
This tweet - and the comments - shows us how people can be influenced by the setting of the interview. If you click on the tweet, you can see the thread of comments that analyze the setting. Most comments, I think, are on the mark. A few may be seeing more than is there. It would be interesting to hear from the people who set this up. How much of this was done consciously - was the bust behind Banning really lit up more than the other one intentionally?
Just want to weigh in, as an art historian, on @FareedZakaria's comments on Steve Bannon. Zakaria presents his interview with Bannon as an ostensibly neutral act of "listening" to someone else's perspective. But just look at how @CNN visually framed the whole thing pic.twitter.com/uLRbptBxKl
With all this sunny dry weather I've been wanting to get out in the woods, but there were meetings and various chores that got in the way. But today it was nice once again and we had nothing to interfere.
I wanted to go to Hatcher Pass, but talked myself into Bodenburg Butte - a hike I'd never been on. All these years, it just never was a destination. Hatcher Pass seemed like a more spectacular location. I heard the views were good, and it's only a 3 mile round trip - though half of the hike is up. So we got onto the Old Glenn Highway just before the Knik River. Haven't been on that road for a long time either.
Even though I'd read the directions saying to go past Bodenburg Loop as we approached from the south, I turned there anyway. Oh well. This got to the south trail that was not recommended. But since I don't think I've ever been on the loop, it was good to see.
Here's the Butte from the south.
A sign about a third of the way up - where we stopped to eat lunch - explained the geology:
I guess reading this is a bit of an eye exercise. It says:
"Bodenburg Butte is an example of a Roche Moutennee, a French word describing a rock formation created by a passing glacier. During the last ice age, the Knik Glacier moved through this valley, shaping the landscape that you see today. As the frozen river of ice flowed through the area, it carried away tons of softer rock, carving out a valley. The knob of much harder bedrock that was unmoved by the glacier's advance is what we know today as the Butte."
This is looking up from the lunch spot. I was trying to figure out where the trail was when I heard a familiar, but bizarre croaking/cackling sound. There were lots of trees above, but for a moment I could see a flock of Sandhill cranes flying way above.
Soon I saw our way up. First wooden stairs.
Then they changed to wood with earth packed in and cable replaced the wooden handrails
This really is the most unAlaskan hike I can think of in Alaska. It's a hump not a mountain. It's in a rural area with farms and houses all around it. And it has stairs. A sign at the top said there are 505 steps. That's not counting the unstaired trail. But my knees said thank you.
And soon we were at the top and there were wonderful views in every direction. Here's looking south. I was near that white roof in the lower right when I took the top picture of the whole Butte from below. There's even a reindeer farm down there.
And to the east is the Knik Glacier and the braided Knik River that flows from it.
And then I saw something moving down below. I think it's a juvenile bald eagle - the head and tail feathers are white yet.
And it did lazy circles up on the warm, calm air.
Until it was above me.
Needless to say, the trip down took much less time than going up. Altogether, with a lazy lunch and some time enjoying the views on top, it was about two hours. I'm guessing this is Palmer and Wasilla's version of Flattop. But it's a lot easier to get great views. As you can see it was a mostly sunny day, but the air wasn't particularly clear and sharp.
My book club's book for this month is David McCollough's The Johnstown Flood. We've got two The Great Earthquake, which I've already read and posted about.
disaster books in a row. Next month is Henry Fountain's
As Florence bears down on the mid-Atlantic, the harrowing scenes I've been reading about seem appropriate. The Johnstown flood wasn't because of a hurricane, though it did rain for days and those rains brought water higher into the towns along the river than ever before.
But the real horror was the bursting of a damn about 15 miles up the river. The scenes described by McCullough remind me of the most over-the-top disaster movies.
While some people had concerns about the dam, there had been false alarms about possible dam failure in the past. (Though it had burst once many years before, but had more recently been rebuilt.) People were concerned about the rain swollen river, but not too many were concerned about the dam. But then it burst and a huge wave of water, and increasingly, as it moved along the narrow passage way, trees and houses and train cars.
Here are some accounts from the book, as reminders to those in the path of the hurricane, that it's better to be safe than sorry.
"And these boards were jagged . . . and I looked at my aunt, and they didn't say a word then. All the praying stopped, and they gasped, and looked down like this, and were gone, immediately gone."
She felt herself falling and reaching out for something to grab on to and trying as best she could to stay afloat.
"I kept paddling and grabbing and spitting and spitting and trying to keep the sticks and dirt and this horrible water out of my mouth."
Somehow she managed to crawl out of a hole in the roof or wall, she never knew which. All she saw was a glimmer of light, and she scrambled with all her strength to get to it, up what must have been the lath on part of the house underneath one of the gables. She got through the opening, never knowing what had become of her aunt, Libby, or her baby cousin. Within seconds the whole house was gone and everyone in it.
The next thing she knew, Gertrude [she was a 6 years old at the time] was whirling about on top of a muddy mattress that was being buoyed up by debris but that kept tilting back and forth as she struggled to get her balance. She screamed for help. Then a dead horse slammed against her raft, pitching one end of it up into the air and nearly knocking her off. She hung on for dear life, until a tree swung by, snagging the horse in its branches before it plunged off with the current in another direction, the dead animal bobbing up and down, up and down, in and out of the water, like a gigantic, gruesome rocking horse.
Weak and shivering with cold, she lay down on the mattress, realizing for the first time that all her clothes had been torn off except for her underwear. Night was coming on and she was terribly frightened. She started praying in German, which was the only way she had been taught to pray.
A small white house went sailing by, almost running her down. She called out to the one man who was riding on top, straddling the peak of the roof and hugging the chimney with both arms. But he ignored her, or perhaps never heard her, and passed right by.
"You terrible man," she shouted after him. "I'll never help you."
Then a long roof, which may have been what was left of theArcade Building, came plowing toward her, looking as big as a steamboat and loaded down with perhaps twenty people. She called out to them, begging someone to save her. One man started up, but the others seemed determined to stop him. They held on to him and there was an endless moment of talk back and forth between them as he kept pulling to get free.
Then he pushed loose and jumped into the current. His head bobbed up, then went under again. Several times more he came up and went under. Gertrude kept screaming for him to swim to her. Then he was heaving himself over the side of her raft, and the two of them headed off downstream, Gertrude nearly strangling him as she clung to his neck.
The big roof in the meantime had gone careening on until it hit what must have been a whirlpool in the current and began spinning round and round. Then, quite suddenly, it struck something and went down, carrying at least half its passengers with it."
The book doesn't really give good footnotes to document this account. But we can imagine a six year old (I think of my 5 year old grand daughter) retelling this event, and we know McCullough must have filled in a lot of details here. Or, if Gertrude retold this many years later, the story must have taken on a life of its own in all the retellings. Nevertheless, it was a horrible scene as the houses that weren't totally destroyed when the wave hit, floated in the current with people in or on them hurtling toward likely death.
William Tice, who owned a drugstore on Portage street, described what he saw soon after he ha been fished out of the water near the bridge.
"I went on the embankment and looked across the bridge which was filled full of debris, and on it were thousands of men, women, and children, who were screaming and yelling for help as at this time the debris was on fire, and after each crash, there was a moment of silence, and those voices would again be heard crying in vain for the help that came not. At each crash hundreds were forced under and slain.
"I saw hundreds of them as the flames approached throw up their hands and fall backward into the fire, and those who had escaped drowning were reserved for the more horrible fate of being burned to death. At last I could endure it no longer, an had to leave, as I could see no more."
The fires in the piles of debris, it was speculated, were caused by fuel in train cars and fires in wood stoves of houses swept away.
The Johnstown Flood was a horrible disaster. McCullough lists 2, 209 victims of the Johnstown Flood. Whether it's a dam burst tsunami or merely rising rain waters, if you are caught in it, it is equally terrifying. I'm sure that survivors like Mr. Tice, quoted above, had nightmares for the rest of their lives.
The death toll for Hurricane Maria in Puerto Rico is said to be 1427. There's a reason that floods are one of the major biblical catastrophes.
So, people of the mid-Atlantic being told to evacuate. Do it. If you want some adventure, read the Johnstown Flood. It's horrific enough in a book. You don't need to experience it live.
But that doesn't mean we should just stop and take things as they are.
I started thinking seriously about tipping when we had breakfast in Talkeetna last May. I read this sign and as we left, without leaving a tip, I mentioned the policy to the person taking our payment. Who then started talking about some of the side effects. For one thing, I asked about the legal obstacles to tipping mentioned in the sign. (I think that was part of what held up this post - I didn't have much internet access when we were at Denali and didn't want to spend on legal research.)
Basically he said that they went to this policy - abolishing tips and raising prices - because only the wait staff could legally benefit from tips, and they didn't think that was fair. Some of the issues he brought up included:
The serious loss of income for the best servers. People here on vacation or for climbing often have a lot of money and will tip a good server quite a bit, so when the policy was announced - after discussing it with everyone, if I recall right - some went to other restaurants were they could earn a lot more money through tips.
They had to raise prices to pay everyone minimum wage without tips. I get that, but I also figured the difference wasn't that great and was probably what I would have paid in a tip anyway.
Not everyone left tips and those people don't feel the way I do about the raised prices.
This was last May and I can't find the notes I wrote down so I'll stop there. I know I did want to look into the law, but I'm guessing that after several days at Denali, this slipped from my conscious todo list.
But Sunday, two things brought tipping back to my attention. First, I got a thank you note for a tip I put into my check for a year of the Anchorage Daily News. Our news carrier leaves our paper right at our doorstep every day. She doesn't throw it into the bushes or two steps from our door. It's right there. I can open the door barefoot and lean down and pick it up. This is particularly appreciated in the winter. How much should one tip a mail carrier? My decision wasn't so much thinking about what she is paid, but more about saying, "Even though I've never seen you, I want you to know that I appreciate your great service." Apparently I tipped her more than most others because she wrote the thank you. Maybe it's just her route isn't full of fancy homes with high income earners.
She also noted in her thank you - which was taped to the orange plastic bag the paper comes in - her appreciation that I was the only one of her customers who recycles the plastic bags. I called the ADN once and asked about that, and they said to leave them outside and the carrier will pick them up. Since then, I've been stuffing the new bag each day into one of the bags until the bag is
full. Then I leave it out on the front steps - secured so it doesn't blow away - and in the morning it's gone. I mention this so others who think about recycling plastic bags know you can do it this way. (And the Assembly recently passed a law banning plastic bags at stores, but not for newspaper delivery.) I'm not sure how they reuse the bags - since I'm sure it's easier to pull one off a role than to try to retrieve them out of a used bag, but knowing she thought that was a good thing and not a pain in the neck, was also positive.
Finally, a Washington Post article reprinted in the ADN Sunday about tipping and getting rid of tipping by requiring restaurants and hotels to pay the minimum wage not counting the tips. It doesn't deal with the issue of losing servers (which wouldn't happen if a law were passed instead of one restaurant voluntarily making that decision). Here's one snippet that I wanted to push back on a bit:
"Customers shouldn’t have to subsidize an employee’s wages through their tips, whether they’re ordering a pizza or taking a white-water rafting trip. And now, finally, it looks like we’re slowly reaching the point where we agree: This can’t go on."
My quibble here is the phrase "subsidize an employee's wages." I'd argue we're subsidizing the owner's profit. After all, the owner should be paying a fair wage. And our tips, as important as they are, don't pay for health care or retirement. And I want to acknowledge I know there are differences between small family owned restaurants and large corporate chain restaurants.
Of course, this is should all be in the larger context of the laws and customs that favor the educated and wealthy in ways that increase the gap between the very wealthy and everyone else, and our continued clinging to the morality of the Protestant work ethic to blame the poor for their poverty and assuage any guilt the wealthy have (since they deserve it for their assumed hard work.)
And I'll try to check on the Alaska laws about tipping to see how that fits in.
A blog visitor from Chagrin Falls, Ohio looked at the post What Do I Know?: Horsetail: One Person's Weed is Another Person's Scouring Pa. I couldn't help thinking, "How did it get named Chagrin?" So I looked up Chagrin Falls and a Wikipedia article told me about the Chagrin River - and has beautiful pictures. But it didn't really tell me about the name. That I found at a blog -Midwest Guest - (whose last post was November 2017), which had a post that addressed my question. The blogger stopped at the sign because
"The sign immediately sparked my curiosity. I love waterfalls, but more importantly in this case, I remembered Chagrin Falls as the title of a tune by Canadian rockers, The Tragically Hip. I couldn’t help turning off onto the side road where the arrow pointed me to see the infamous Chagrin Falls."
That's something I would do. And the first thing that came to mind was going to see Wichata Falls, because of Pat Metheny's "As Wichata Falls, So Falls Wichtata Falls." (A great, great piece of music.) But I've never seen a sign for Wichita Falls. Later in the post, she* tells us about the name.
"The historical marker at the falls says the Chagrin River drew its name from a French trader named Francois Seguin, who traded with Native Americans in northeast Ohio during the mid-1700s. The Chagrin Falls Historical Society offers a couple of other possible explanations for the name, but says the most accepted story is that the name represents a corrupted and Americanized version of trader Seguin’s name."
Here's the Pat Metheny piece. I remember exactly where I was when I first heard it (though not exactly what year). Just leave it on in the background. It goes on and on. Good speakers help with this one.
I tried to leave a comment at Midwest Guest to thank the blogger, but comments are closed on that blog. So I have to do it here. Thanks! We share the same sort of curiosity it seems.
*I first wrote 'he', not because I default to he, but because I somehow felt it was a he. But I decided I should check and it turns out - from what I could tell - that the blogger is a she. I love to have my assumptions proven wrong. It makes me more careful about making assumptions.
And speaking of assumptions, Wichita Falls is NOT in Kansas. It's in Texas.
"Small business owners could avoid a new federal limit on state and local tax deductions after the Internal Revenue Service said Wednesday that rules it released last month to prevent efforts in California and other states to circumvent the cap apply only to individuals.
Businesses will be allowed to claim a full federal tax deduction for contributions to charities or government programs — particularly those offering school choice scholarships — that offer state tax credits, the IRS said."
Betsy DeVos is an example of how Trump has put people in charge of agencies who are ideologically opposed to the missions of the agencies. I learned about the national right wing organizations pushing for 'parental rights' when I covered the hearings, led by current Alaska gubernatorial candidate Dunleavy. Dunleavy's mantra was 'parental rights.' It's code for destroying public schools, money for charter schools, home schooling, and other ways to funnel public education funds into private hands running private schools. So here we have an attempt by the Trump administration to punish high tax states (because their people care about good government services) by eliminating the federal tax deductions for state and local taxes. Well, that was part of the tax cut legislation. But now they're saying, well, that's only for individuals. Businesses are exempt, especially if they support 'school choice' - a buzzword for charter and other private schools.
Alaskans - better get lots of people voting in November so that Dunleavy comes in second, or better yet, third.
"Brett and I were part of a close circle of cold, cynical and ambitious hard-right operatives being groomed by GOP elders for much bigger roles in politics, government and media. And it’s those controversial associations that should give members of the Senate and the American public serious pause.
Call it Kavanaugh's cabal: There was his colleague on the Starr investigation, Alex Azar, now the Secretary of Health and Human Services. Mark Paoletta is now chief counsel to Vice President Mike Pence; House anti-Clinton gumshoe Barbara Comstock is now a Republican member of Congress. Future Fox News personalities Laura Ingraham and Tucker Carlson were there with Ann Coulter, now a best-selling author, and internet provocateur Matt Drudge."
At one time or another, each of them partied at my Georgetown townhouse amid much booze and a thick air of cigar smoke.
I did look Brock up before posting this. This piece is posted at an NBC link called Think. He wrote a book called Blinded by the Right and has since become a Democratic 'operative.'
James Fallows is a journalist I've followed for many years and he's usually pretty savvy. Here's his tweet about Brock's article.
I was a newsmag editor during the period David Brock is describing here:https://t.co/Lv5wNqOd8D
What Brock says about B Kavanaugh’s role on the Ken Starr team rings true to my experience in those days. I think most other DC journalists from that era would say something similar
"This emperor has had absolutely no clothes from the very beginning. The only thing in doubt all along has been the Republican Party’s complicity.
And that complicity remains. If anything, it is intensifying. As Jim Fallows constantly points out, any single Republican senator — Sasse, Corker, Collins, Graham, Paul, Murkowski — could check this president by voting against him, on any number of issues . . "
Ötzi, the 5300-year-old “Iceman” discovered frozen in the Italian Alps in 1991, was a medical mess. His teeth were rotting, he had a bad stomach bug, and his knees were beginning to degenerate—not to mention the arrow in his back that probably killed him. Now, a new study concludes that the herbs and tattoos he seems to have used to treat his ailments may have been common around this time, suggesting a sophisticated culture of health care at this point in human history.
A recent article by Charles Wohlforth discussed the loss of the Alaska room in the library - begun
by flooding when pipes burst and completed by the loss of librarians to maintain it. It was (and still is) a great space. But all the Alaskana stuff has been relocated in a much less usable spaces.
"A 2016 study comparing Anchorage's public libraries to other cities of comparable size showed we support them less in every category: fewer hours, books, staff, programs and material purchases. Anchorage spends less than half as much per resident on library materials as other cities. The Alaska Room had seven dedicated staff when it opened, including an archivist and archive technician, said Merrell, who helped plan and lead it. Now the entire Loussac Library has only five professional librarians."
So here's your chance to help the library get back to its former (though never good enough) self, and perhaps a better incarnation.
These photos are of Campbell Creek yesterday late afternoon, modified a bit with photoshop.
From a bridge (near Lake Otis), modified using the posterize filter.
And the same picture using Curves. (I still use Curves experimentally - I can't really plan the effects I'm going to get. I probably should look for some lessons online.)
And for those of you who want to see the original.
What exactly do photographers do when they manipulate pictures in programs like Photoshop? Is this artistry or enhancement or deception? What you get from the camera - the third picture here - doesn't exactly portray what the original was like. Aside from the obvious cropping out - in the sense - the rest of the picture, the camera doesn't capture the light and colors the same way the human eye does. And, of course, different eyes and different brains see the same scene differently.
This sort of playing around(experimenting may be too pretentious here, though not if people do this more systematically) can give us ways to see things in the scene we can't see with the naked eye. It can also hide things we might originally see - and if someone does this to deceive, then, well it should be evaluated the way one would evaluate any deception. How serious was the deception? To what extent should the victim have been paying more attention? How badly was the victim(s) hurt? Those sorts of questions.
Here's another picture of Campbell Creek further down the bike path. This one is looking south. (The first ones were looking west).
I used the posterize filter to get this one too.
I think many, if not most photographers do some fiddling with their pictures now just to get a nicer looking picture - playing with the saturation, contrast, exposure buttons are the most obvious ways. Cropping is basic. But even the earliest black and white photographers played with their images in the dark room to achieve similar improvements to what they had caught on the negative.
All the images are looking down from bridges, into the sun's reflection on the water.
