[I'm not sure how to write this post. It's about outrageous postings about women and rape, how the University of Alaska Fairbanks (UAF)'s student newspaper handled them, and how the University itself handled it all. And the underlying lack of concern about violence against women in Alaska. I decided, last night, after looking around for more information, that I had too many questions to post this story yet.
But then this morning a friend emailed me a link to a CNN report on Alaska's off-the-chart rates of violence toward women. It seemed I had to post something. I have too many unpublished posts sitting, waiting to be 'good enough' to post. This is too important to be ignored. I don't have any answers, but I have some of the questions. So, I'm basically just giving you an overview and throwing it out for others to think about. This is stuff happening in our state, in our cities and towns, every day while most of us look away. I have to post this, rather than look away.]
[UPDATE 2/7/14: A comment from Robyne [see below] who identifies herself as the student newspaper advisor says that the student wanted her name in the newspaper. If that's the case, it changes my key issue here, but not all the contextual issues. She also says that the article helped to raise the issues for discussion on campus.]
A Facebook post last night sent me to
a blog by Fairbanks faculty member Sine Anahita lamenting the university's tolerance of 'slut-shaming' in the student newspaper.
She cites a report that exonerates the newspaper and finds
no sexual harassment [is protected]:
"University of Alaska Fairbanks has determined that sexual harassment of
women in the student newspaper and online is constitutionally protected.
The university’s general counsel’s office, the Office of Diversity and
Equal Opportunity (D&EO), and an outside attorney hired by the
university to review my Title IX complaint all agreed that the Sun-Star
exercised its right to free speech when it published two articles that
sexually harass women. Read details about this issue here: http://wp.me/p3HWTd-1w"
In
another post she focused on a story in the UAF Sun Star that used screenshots from a FB confession page that named a specific student. Here's an excerpt from an article from the following week's edition of the
Sun Star about the original story. I've blocked out the student's name which was
in the original Sun Star piece.
"On Tuesday Apr. 16, the UAF Confessions page administrator posted a
“confession” that crossed the line for some of its audience. The post
read, “Like if you’ve fucked xxxx xxxxx. Comment if it was a 3 some!”
The post immediately received criticism from users surprised that the
page administrator would allow the sexually explicit content targeted at
UAF communications student and graduate teaching assistant XXXX XXXX."
All the comments cited on the confessions page express disgust at the posting and shock that it's being left up with the name. Partly that's the purpose of the First Amendment - to get things out and get them debated. But leaving in the name seems to go too far. I can't articulate it more than that yet, which is why I wanted to wait on this. But imagine your sister or daughter or son, for that matter, being named that way in a newspaper which is still online almost a year later. Anyone who googles her name would find it on the student newspaper website. Something is just wrong there.
I must also add that the article in the paper quotes the student named in the piece.
“I hold no ill will to anyone that has created this page or message, but
it did make me stop think [sic]: Here I am, a graduate student at UAF with so
much to feel good about in my life, and an anonymous person calls me
out on a UAF public forum for my sexuality,” XXXXX said in reflection.
“Mostly, I think it is interesting that calling out a woman for her
sexual activities is still the way that men (and women) put other women
down.” [Again, I xxx'd out the name]
Maybe she's a lot more sexually liberated than most of us. Or maybe she's putting up a good front. I have no way to evaluate at this point.
As I say, I wasn't going to post on this yet. But this morning someone sent me a link to a CNN special report. CNN sent
John D. Sutter to Alaska to report on our off-the-charts rates of violence against women.
The extent of Alaska's problem with violence against women is both
horrifying and clear: Alaska's per capita rate of reported rape is the
highest in the country, according to 2012 FBI crime data. An estimated
80 rapes are reported in Alaska for every 100,000 people. That's nearly
three times the national average of 27; and almost seven times the rate
in New Jersey, the state where reported rape is least common. Those
comparisons are imperfect, of course. But localized surveys in Alaska
paint an even bleaker picture. A majority of women – 59% -- have
experienced sexual or intimate partner violence, which includes physical
violence and threats; and 37%, nearly four in 10, have been raped or
sexually assaulted, according to a survey of 871 adult women in Alaska,
published in 2010.
I couldn't find the actual University report that finds the postings constitutionally protected, so I emailed blogger and professor Anahita about its availability. She wrote back:
"The report is not online, but it was sent to several
news organizations. I can't share it with you because I think it would
be unethical. There are many documents in the report that are clearly
marked CONFIDENTIAL. But I'm happy to summarize the contents."
It's a little ironic that the newspaper can,
without permission, publish a student's name connected to her sexual behavior written anonymously, but the report investigating it is confidential.
[Note comment by Robyne below who says the student insisted that her name be put into the piece. That would change my biggest objection here. The person who does the insulting isn't able to reveal his name, but his intended victim has no problem standing up and identifying herself. That changes the dynamics.]
I am a strong supporter of First Amendment rights, but there are exceptions to them, like shouting fire in crowded theater. The rationale there is that people might get trampled and hurt in the ensuing panic. I can't see how people, particularly women, aren't emotionally trampled by such posts, especially given the situation here in Alaska. B
ut the "Fire" example isn't as clear cut as it seems. There are libel and slander laws that also limit free speech.
The
University of Alaska Free Speech policy is pretty clear:
P01.02.010. Freedom of Speech.
A.
An
environment of free and honest inquiry is essential to the functioning
and the mission of the university. The board and the university
therefore acknowledge, affirm, and espouse the right of freedom of
speech as guaranteed in the Constitutions of the United States
and the State of Alaska. The essential purpose of the university is to
engage in the pursuit of truth, the advancement of learning and the
dissemination of knowledge. To achieve this purpose, all members of the
university must be assured of the constitutionally protected right to question, speculate, and comment, as well as the right to criticize the university and society at large.
B.
The university will not limit or abridge any individual's constitutional right to free speech.
What happens when it conflicts with the
University policies on Sexual Harassment?
University of Alaska Policy Regarding Sexual Harassment
P04.02.022. Sexual Harassment.
A.
The university will not tolerate inappropriate sexual or sexually
harassing behavior and seeks to prevent such conduct toward its
students, employees and applicants for employment. Violation of this
policy may lead to discipline of the offending party.
B. Since
some members of the university community hold positions of authority
that may involve the legitimate exercise of power over others, it is
their responsibility to be sensitive to that power. Faculty and
supervisors in particular, in their relationships with students and
subordinates, need to be aware of potential conflicts of interest and
the possible compromise of their evaluative capacity. Because there is
an inherent power difference in these relationships, the potential
exists for the less powerful person to perceive a coercive element in
suggestions regarding activities outside those inherent in the
professional relationship.
C. It is the responsibility of faculty
and staff to behave in such a manner that their words or actions cannot
reasonably be perceived as sexually coercive, abusive, or exploitative.
Sexual harassment also can occur in relationships among equals as when
repeated unwelcome advances, demeaning verbal behavior, or offensive
physical contact interfere with an individual's ability to work or study
productively. Consensual sexual conduct that unreasonably interferes
with other employees’ work or creates a hostile, intimidating or
offensive working or learning environment constitutes sexual harassment
for purposes of this policy.
D. The university is committed to
providing an environment of study and work free from sexual harassment
and to ensuring the accessibility of appropriate procedures for
addressing all complaints regarding sexual harassment. Nothing
contained in this sexual harassment policy will be construed or applied
to limit or abridge any person’s constitutional right to freedom of
expression or to infringe upon the legitimate academic freedom or right
of due process of any member of the university community.
Apparently free speech trumps harassment. I wonder what would happen if students started testing the limits of free speech in class. "Professor, did you fuck your wife last night? Is that why you haven't graded our papers yet?" I wonder whether the student's free speech rights would be upheld.
In another post, Anahita shares some of the hate mail aimed at her. I was confused about whether this came to her website or not and asked her that by email. She responded:
"The comments that I posted in "Misogynist Hate" on my blog were from
blogs on other sites. I have not been able to trace the origins of most
of them. I found them by searching for my name and Title IX. Some of
them have been deleted or I get a "page not
found" error. There was a period in November when there were dozens of
them, but now there are fewer hits."
I don't claim to know what motivates someone to write and post this sort of stuff. But unless we try to understand it, things aren't going to change. These are troubled people. I post some of the comments for same reason Anahita does "As an antidote to the online hate, and as a way to contribute to the data about online misogyny."
“She’s so ugly I wouldn’t rape her with a dead man’s penis.”
“She would never, even if she was the only woman on an island with thousands of men, have to worry about being raped.”
“if THAT is a picture of her, i think she “doth protest to much” as a
reaction to her inner desire to partake in the sex she doesn’t stand a
chance of ever getting.”
“What that femiNazi needs to do is go in search of a sense of humor.
That is not sexual harassment; true sexual harassment is something she
need never worry about, judging from her mouth and her photo.”
“Dear Feminists, Please get a Life . Perhaps get laid, get over
yourselves we are tired of hearing from your twisted little selves”
Sutter, in the CNN piece, writes:
I asked [UAA Justice Center director] Rosay what researchers had done to try to
make sense of [the high violence rates against women.] Had there been efforts to interview rapists? To
understand what life experiences may have led them to rape? Or to try to
figure out what might stop perpetrators from raping again?
No, he said. Not to his knowledge.
But, he offered: Maybe that would help.
That conversation and others like it led me
to the small community where I met Sheldon – and to the decision to
focus on offenders rather than victims. A common refrain from women's
rights activists is that "rape won't stop until men stop raping."
I couldn't agree more. Victims aren't to blame; rapists are. [emphasis added]
I've sometimes thought of interviewing prisoners about how they got there. Without understanding what sort of life history leads to the mean, hateful comments and to actual violence, we can't take action to meaningfully reduce the incidence of violence against women.
I'm leery of abridging Free Speech. It's how people express their ideas and feelings. It's how we keep a free society. And letting people express their vile feelings and thoughts is a way to find out what lurks in our communities. Isn't it better to know these thoughts are there? But once we know these things, our institutions - like the legislature and the university - have responsibilities to act to alleviate the conditions that give rise to the kinds of hatefulness that is expressed. And to give protection and comfort to those targeted. I understand some of this may simply be adolescent bravado said thoughtlessly, and with no real intent at harm. But when things are posted on the internet, they take on a life far beyond anything in the past. And some is serious and does intend harm. I still don't think the student's name should have been published. Part of being a responsible journalist is knowing that just because you can, doesn't mean you should.
Does such speech fuel violence against women or is it merely a symptom of the things that cause violence against women? How does such speech affect women? Not just the named student, but other women who could be named by other people? How does such speech affect other men who hear it? Does it make it more acceptable? What possible benefit comes from publishing the student's name in the student paper? How can we as individuals, as residents of Alaska, and as parents, as elected officials, and as professionals in schools and hospitals and the media change what's happening?
In a democracy, we're all responsible for what we let happen. If we don't vote, if we don't support good candidates, if we don't voice our opinions regularly, we're part of the problem. The legislators we elect do or don't pass good laws, do or don't appropriate funds to help eliminate the conditions that lead such hatred. I understand that some of this is simply human behavior and eliminating it altogether is not going to happen. But it happens much more in Alaska, if the numbers are to be believed, and so we are responsible for getting those numbers down. "Numbers down." How cold and abstract. We're responsible for protecting women from abusive men, from their abusive words, from their unwanted touch, from their violations.
[Feb 7: Follow up post here:
We don't call vets with PTSD who freak out at the sound of a loud noise 'thin-skinned']
[UPDATE June 18, 2014: The
University of Alaska system was added to a list of colleges and universities being investigated for Title IX violations, including sexual assault.]
